9/2/2023 0 Comments Binocular diplopiaStatin-associated eye problems appear to be rare, but they have been reported as side effects. Moreover, some studies suggest that statins play a role in increasing the risk of diabetes mellitus, cancer, dementia, polyneuropathy, hemorrhagic stroke, and kidney disease. These adverse events include myalgia, myositis , rhabdomyolysis (0.1%), and elevated liver enzymes (1%). Statins are generally well-tolerated medications however, many adverse events ranging from mild to severe in impact have been associated with their use. Due to the inhibition of isoprenoid intermediates synthesis of the mevalonate pathway, statins have also shown some non-lipid-lowering effects, such as improving endothelial function, atherosclerotic plaque stabilization, as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. It is reported that statins can reduce up to 20-55% of circulating LDL-C levels . This in turn increases the production of microsomal HMG-CoA reductase and cell surface low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor expression. Statins work by competitively blocking this enzyme, thereby leading to a decreased conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid . HMG-CoA reductase is the first and key-limiting enzyme in hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Their use has been progressively on the rise since 1992 in light of several studies on their role in primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, stroke, and other causes of death associated with high cholesterol levels. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (HMG-CoA reductase), commonly known as statins, constitute the first-line therapy for treating hypercholesterolemia.
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